Course 599: Diameter Training Course - TONEX.com

Diameter Training Course covers Diameter protocol which was derived from the RADIUS protocol with a lot of improvements in different aspects aligedn with Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA) protocol. The Diameter protocol is widely used in the IMS architecture for IMS entities to exchange AAA-related information. Because the IMS system is the next big thing in the telecom industry, we believe a clear understanding of the Diameter protocol is necessary for understanding the essence of the IMS architecture. Diameter training course offers a technical overview of Diameter and how it work.

Introduction to DIAMETER

• What is DIAMETER?
• History
• Applications
• Protocol description
• Problems to be addressed
• Diameter Protocol in 3GPP context
• Diameter Architecture
• Load Balancer
• Diameter Router
• Diameter Routing Agent (DRA) 

DIAMETER Protocol Overview

• Transport
• SCTP Guidelines
• Securing Diameter Messages
• Diameter Application Compliance
• Application Identifiers
• Connections vs Sessions
• Peer Table
• Realm-Based Routing Table
• Role of Diameter Agents
• Relay Agents
• Proxy Agents
• Redirect Agents
• Translation Agents
• End-to-End Security Framework
• Diameter Path Authorization

DIAMETER Header

• Command Codes
• Command Code ABNF specification
• Diameter Command Naming Conventions
•  Diameter AVPs
• AVP Header
• Optional Header Elements
• Basic AVP Data Formats
• Derived AVP Data Formats
• Grouped AVP Values
• Example AVP with a Grouped Data Type
• Diameter Base Protocol AVPs

DIAMETER Peers

• Peer Connections
• Diameter Peer Discovery
• Capabilities Exchange
• Capabilities-Exchange-Request
• Capabilities-Exchange-Answer
• Disconnecting Peer Connections
• Disconnect-Peer-Request
• Disconnect-Peer-Answer
• Transport Failure Detection
• Device-Watchdog-Request
• Device-Watchdog-Answer
• Transport Failure Algorithm
• Failover and Failback Procedures
• PeerStateMachine
• Incoming connections
• Events
• Actions
• The Election Process

 Diameter Message Processing

• Diameter Request Routing Overview
• Originating a Request
• Sending a Request
• Receiving Requests
• Processing Local Requests
• Request Forwarding
• Request Routing
• Redirecting Requests
• Relaying and Proxying Requests
• Diameter Answer Processing
• Processing Received Answers
• Relaying and Proxying Answers

Error Handling

• Result-Code AVP
• Informational
• Success
• Protocol Errors
• Transient Failures
• Permanent Failures
• Error Bit

DIAMETER User Sessions

• AuthorizationSessionStateMachine
• AccountingSessionStateMachine
• Server-Initiated Re-Auth
• Re-Auth-Request
• Re-Auth-Answer
• Session Termination
• Session-Termination-Request
• Session-Termination-Answer
• Aborting a Session
• Abort-Session-Request
• Abort-Session-Answer
• Inferring Session Termination from Origin-State-Id

Accounting

• Server Directed Model
• Protocol Messages
• Application Document Requirements
• Fault Resilience
• Accounting Records
• Correlation of Accounting Records
• Accounting Command-Codes
• Accounting-Request
• Accounting-Answer
• Accounting AVPs

DIAMETER  Protocol Related Configurable Parameters

• Security Considerations
• IPsec Usage
• TLS Usage

DIAMETER  Messages

• Messages defined in the DIAMETER base protocol
• Abort-Session-Request
• Abort-Session-Answer
• Accounting-Request
• Accounting-Answer
• Capabilities-Exchanging-Request
• Capabilities-Exchanging-Answer
• Device-Watchdog-Request
• Device-Watchdog-Answer
• Disconnect-Peer-Request
• Disconnect-Peer-Answer
• Re-Auth-Request
• Re-Auth-Answer
• Session-Termination-Request
• Session-Termination-Answer

DIAMETER Applied to IMS and HSPA/HSPA+/LTE

• Accounting
• Server Directed Model
• Protocol Messages
• Application Document Requirements
• Fault Resilience
• Accounting Records
• Correlation of Accounting Records

DIAMETER in the LTE/EPS Environment

• Types of DIAMETER Nodes in IMS/LTE
• Client (e.g., S4-SGSN, MME, NAS)
• Server (e.g., HSS)
• Agent
• Relay Agent
• Proxy Agent (e.g., DRA)
• Redirect Agent (e.g., SLF)
• Translation Agent (e.g., MAP, DIAMETER IWF)

Example of diameter  Interfaces

• S6a between MME and HSS
• S6d between S4-SGSN and HSS
• S13 between MME and EIR
• S13 ’ between S4-SGSN and EIR
• S9 between Visited PCRF and Home PCRF
• Gx between PDN-GW and PCRF
• Gxx (Gxa, Gxb, Gxc) for policy control
• Gy between PDN-GW and OCS
• Gz between PDN-GW and OFCS
• Rx between P-CSCF and PCRF
• Sp between PCRF and SPR
• Diameter Applications in IMS
• Rc (IMS)
• Re (IMS)
• Rx (IMS)
• Diameter Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Application (RFC 4740)
  • Cx (IMS), Dx (IMS), Sh (IMS) and Dh (IMS)
• Rf (IMS)
• Diameter Credit-Control Application (RFC 4006): Ro (IMS)

DIAMETER usage on the Cx and Dx reference points

• User-Authorization-Request (UAR) Command
• User-Authorization-Answer (UAA) Command
• Server-Assignment-Request (SAR) Command
• Server-Assignment-Answer (SAA) Command
• Location-Info-Request (LIR) Command
• Location-Info-Answer (LIA) Command
• Multimedia-Auth-Request (MAR) Command
• Multimedia-Auth-Answer (MAA) Command
• Registration-Termination-Request (RTR) Command
• Registration-Termination-Answer (RTA) Command
• Push-Profile-Request (PPR) Command
• Push-Profile-Answer (PPA) Command

Overview of DIAMETER Interfaces

DIAMETER interfaces in the IETF, 3GPP, 3GPP2, ETSI TISPAN, PacketCable, MSF and ITU