Course Number: 4040
Length: 2 Days
This course provides an advanced technical overview of DWDM and optical networking concepts One of the major issues in the networking industry today is tremendous demand for more and more bandwidth. With the development of optical networks and the use of Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) technology, a new and probably, a very crucial milestone is being reached in network evolution.
In this course we will discuss various advanced concepts that are integral to the development of the All-Optical Network. Various new technologies available in a DWDM system will be introduced. Issues such as Network Design, Network Control and Network Management will also be discussed.
Who Should Attend
This course is designed for strategic or technical managers, consultants, communications professionals, software engineers, system engineers, Sees, network professionals, marketing and sales professional, IT professionals, and others who plan on using, evaluating or working with DWDM and optical networks applications and services.
Objectives
After completing this course, students will be able to:
- Understand advanced optical communications topics
- Explain advanced DWDM Network Designs and Engineering
- Design and evaluate optical components in a DWDM network
- Learn about the effects of noise in signal propagation, especially from OSNR and BER perspectives
- Design optical amplifier-based links
- Learn how to design optical links based on power budget, dispersion and non-linearties Design optical links based on OSNR
- Classify and design DWDM networks based on size and performance
- Learn how to test and measure different parameters in DWDM networks and optical systems
Outline
DWDM Components and Architecture
- DWDM Anatomy
- DWDM Impairments
- Multiwavelength Transmitters
- Multichannel Receivers
- DWDM Optical Amplifiers
- Wavelength Converters
- Modal Effects
- Scattering Effects
- Miscellaneous Effects
DWDM Impairments
- Spectrum
- Availability, Occupancy, Efficiency
- Bandwidth & Distance Limitations
- Noise, Dispersion, Non-linearities
- Four Wave Mixing (FWM)
- Cross-phase Modulation (XPM)
- Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SBS)
- Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS)
- Chromatic Dispersion (CD)
- Polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD)
- Amplified Spontaneous Emission (ASE)
- Modeling of Nonlinearities
- Noise-like penalties
- Illustrations with System Examples
- Optical Power Damage Threshold
- Fiber
- Components
- Noise Sources: ASE, Shot, Thermal, etc.
- Not-Return-to-Zero (NRZ) vs. Return-to-Zero (RZ) Transmission
- Dispersion and PMD Compensation
- The Effects of Optical Crosstalk
Analysis of Optical Components
- Parameters common to all optical components
- Optical Filters
- Optical Couplers
- Optical Power Attenuators
- Polarizer and Rotators
- Beam Splitters
- Optical Isolators and Circulators
- Optical Multiplexers and Demultiplexers
- Optical Cross Connects (OCXs)
- Optical Add Drop Multiplexers
- Optical Equalizers
- Light Sources
- Laser Beams
- Modulators
- Photodetectors and Receivers
- Optical Amplifiers
- Wavelength Convertors
- Optical Phase-Locked Loops
- Ring Resonators
- Optical Attenuators
- Optical SNR
EDFA Details
- Advantages
- EDFA Disadvantages
- Limited to C and L bands
- Pump Laser
- Erbium Doped Fiber
- Wavelength Selective Coupler
- Isolator
- A Comparison between EDFE, Raman Amplifier and SOAs
Networking with DWDM
- Optical Systems and Components Analysis
- Optical Transmitters: Lasers
- Modulation: Direct and External
- Optical Receivers: Photodetecters
- Couplers and Circulators
- Cavities and Filter
- Complex Components: Transponders
- Optical Switches
- Mechanical Switches
- Acousto-Optical Switches
- Micro-mechanical switches (MEMS)
- 2D MEMS (Bar State)
- 3D MEMS Switch Operation
- Electro-Optical and Thermo-Optical Switches
- Bubble Technology
- Liquid Crystal Switches
- Hologram-based Switches
- Factors That Affect System Design
- Effect of Chromatic Dispersion
- Q-Factor and OSNR
- What is the Q-factor?
- Methods to determine the Q-factor
- Asynchronous sampling (voltage histogram)
- Synchronous sampling (digital sampling scope)
- Synchronous sampling method (single decision threshold method)
- Synchronous sampling method (dual decision threshold method)
- Q-factor applications
- System test during manufacturing
- Installation of optical networks
- System optimization
- Maintenance and troubleshooting
- System monitoring
- Calculation of Q-Factor from OSNR
- Margin Requirements
- Design Using Chromatic Dispersion Compensation
- OSNR and Dispersion-Based Design
- Effects of FWM and XPM on Long-Haul Design
- PMD in Long-Haul Design
- Forward Error Correction (FEC)
DWDM Span Engineering
- Engineering a DWDM link
- Power Budget Design
- What are the factors?
- Digital Modulation Formats
- Fiber Impairments
- Loss
- Dispersion
- Nonlinear Effects (SPM, XPM, FWM, Raman)
- Polarization Dependent Effects (PDL and PMD)
- Noise Sources and Noise Accumulation
- Bit Error Rate and Signal-to-Noise-Ratio
- Signal Crosstalk
- DWDM Systems Design Amplifier power
- Amplifier spacing
- Fiber types
- Channel count and bit rate
- Channel Bit Rate
- Dispersion and polarization
- Non-linear effects
- Simulation and testing
DWDM Testing, Measurements and OAM&P
- Test and Measuring Devices
- Characterization of a DWDM Mux and Demux
- Characterization of a DWDM OADM
- EDFA Testing
- Optical Waveform Analysis
- Complete DWDM End-to-End
- Component conformance tests
- Parameter tests on optical fibers
- System installation tests
- System optimization tests
- System acceptance tests