Fundamentals of Low Probability of Intercept (LPI) Signals Certificate Training: An LPI (Low Probability of Intercept) radar is defined as a radar that utilizes a special emitted waveform intended to prevent a non-cooperative intercept receiver from intercepting and detecting its emission.
The study of low probability of intercept (LPI) optimization in radar system is important due to its improvement for military operations in modern electronic warfare.
Uses of LPI radars include:
- Aircraft radars
- Ground surveillance radars
- Radar altimeters for Cruise Missiles or Stealth aircraft
- Landing systems for aircraft carriers or UAV outposts
LPI radars can use several different methods to achieve their low detectability. Besides low power, low side lobes and tight beamwidths, LPI signals also rely on multiple beams. In other words, instead of using a single beam like a mechanically scanned radar, multiple beams can be formed allowing rapid volume searches. If the hardware is advanced, enough beams can be generated to search an entire space instantaneously.
The wide bandwidth/frequency agility method can also be deployed. With this the transmitter changes its frequency and power level for each pulse so that no two pulses are alike. This makes radar classification by adversary receivers very difficult.
A power management technique is also used. In this method constant management of radiated power is matched against known threat databases so that the radar’s radiated power is constantly being adjusted to stay under the threshold needed for detection by the EW gear typically found on that threat. Most intercept receivers rely on intercepted power increasing to classify something as a threat. If the intercepted power level stays static or decreases, the EW (electronic warfare) system generally classifies it as a non-closing target, and thus not a high priority threat.
Yet with another method called random noise operation, random noise signals are transmitted and the return signals are compared against the stored copies of each signal in the processing unit to generate coherent returns.
Several of these methods can be applied to non phased-array radars, and the power management modality can be applied to existing radars in software updates.
But to gain full LPI capabilities, an active phased-array radar (AESA) is needed. A passive phased array (PESA) radar can generate a pencil beam and can perform rapid volume searches with that beam but it cannot generate multiple pencil beams, like an AESA.
Fundamentals of Low Probability of Intercept (LPI) Signals Certificate Training
Tonex offers Fundamentals of Low Probability of Intercept (LPI) Signals Certificate, a 4-day course designed for the working professional who is actively engaged in the waveform capture and analysis domain (Subject Matter Expert), as well as the junior engineer who wishes to become more familiar with the basic understanding of LPI principals.
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The target audience can be drawn from a wide range of industries and agencies, which could be in the private, DoD, law enforcement or government sectors.
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