Length: 3 Days
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Link 16 and Joint Range Extension Applications Protocol (JREAP Training) Bootcamp

Link 16 and Joint Range Extension Applications Protocol (JREAP Training) Bootcamp is a 3-day that covers principles of Tactical Data Link (TDLs), Link 16, and Joint Range Extension Applications Protocol (JREAP).

Link 16 has many advantages over other existing tactical data links such as Link 11. The network in Link 16 is “nodeless” which means that the Link 16 network does not depend on any one of the terminals with a distributed operation. Link 16 terminals can support many levels of system and network management such as: monitoring of link or the equipment status by an external processor.  MIL-STD-1553, X.25, or Ethernet hardware and software is used for host traffic interchange. Terminals can offer a direct voice I/O at 16-kbps CVSD and 2.4-kbps LPC-10 voice coding.

Operational activation of Link-16 network has multiple steps such as overall coordination planning by joint planners with overall coordination plan, designation of net time reference(s), interoperability roles, and crypto allocations. An individual Net planner can prepare mission files such as initialization data, coordination nets, and continuity of operation roles.

Joint Range Extension Applications Protocol Training (JREAP) part covers key concepts such as system foundation, engineering, operation, performance, qualification and optimization of JREAP systems and protocols: JREAP-A or Announced Token Passing protocol for half-duplex communications, JREAP-B or synchronous or asynchronous point-to-point mode of the JREAP, and JREAP-C using the Internet Protocol (IP) in conjunction with UDP or TCP.

Learning Objectives

Upon completion of the Link 16 and JREAP training, the participants will be able to:

  • Explain the basic principles and concepts of Link 16, JRE and JREAP
  • Describe Link 16 and JREAP standards, requirements and operational models
  • Describe the history and background of variety of Link 16 terminals
  • Describe the key concepts, features and mechanisms behind Link 16 and JREAP operation
  • Illustrate potential Link 16 and JREAP deployment scenarios
  • List the basic principles of JREAP A, B and C procedures and methods
  • Explain Link 16 and JREAP process and Interoperability testing methodology
  • Perform testing and certification policies, methods, tools, and procedures applied to Lik 16, JREAP and other related TDLs.

Who Should Attend

  • TDL Technical Managers
  • TDL Engineers and Technicians
  • TDL  Project Managers
  • Network Engineers
  •  Analysts
  • Cybersecurity Professionals
  • Operational Test Staff

 Course Agenda

Introduction to Link 16

  • Introduction to Tactical Data Links
  • Link 16 Network and System Characteristics
  • Principles behind RF
  • Applied Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA)
  • Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)
  • Link 16 Operational Capabilities
  • Link 16 Situational Awareness
  • Link 16 Messages
  • Link 16 Design and Implementation
  • Network Participation Groups (NPG)
  • J-Series Messages
  • Link 16 Network Enabled Weapons Requirements

Overview of Link 16 Capabilities

  • Security
  • Built-in encryption features
  • Survivability
  • Nodeless system
  • Flexibility
  • Resistance to electronic jamming
  • High Capacity
  • Near Real Time information exchange
  • SA Information updated every 12 seconds
  • Link 16 Operational Applications
  • Use of Link 16 in Tactical Communications
  • Basic Link 16 Operational Functionalities

Link 16 Nodes and Terminals

  • Link 16 Terminal Waveforms
  • Link 16 Networks and Nets
  • Link 16 Network Access Modes
  • Link 16 Network Time and Synchronization
  • Link 16 Network Roles
  • Link 16 Security Principles
  • Link 16 Relaying Capabilities and Network Relays
  • Link 16 Terminal Types
  • Expanded Use of Link 16
  • Weapon Data Links (WDL)
  • Link 16 for Tactical Edge Users
  • Weapon Data Links Operational Background

Overview of Link 16 Link 16 J-Series Messages

  • J-Series Messages
  • Introduction to NETWORK PARTICIPATION GROUPS (NPG)
  • 1- Initial Entry
  • 2/3- RTT-A/RTT-B
  • 4 -Network Management
  • 5/6- PPLI and Status
  • 7- Surveillance
  • 8- Mission Management/Weapons Coordination
  • 9- Control
  • 11- Image Transfer
  • 12/13- Voice A/B
  • 18- Network Enabled Weapons
  • 19/20- Fighter-to-Fighter A&B
  • 21- Engagement Coordination
  • 27- Joint Net PPLI
  • 28-Distributed Network  Management

Overview of J-Messages

  • Overview of Network Management Messages
  • Overview of Precise Participant Location and Identification Messages
  • Overview of Surveillance Messages
  • Overview of Anti-submarine Warfare Messages
  • Overview of Intelligence Messages
  • Overview of Information Management Messages
  • Overview of Weapons Coordination and Management Messages
  • Overview of Platform and System Status Messages
  • Overview of Electronic Warfare Messages
  • Overview of National Use Messages
  • Miscellaneous Messages

Part 2

Introduction to JREAP

  • Basic Principles of TDL Systems
  • Principles behind Joint Range Extension Applications Protocol (JREAP)
  • Interoperability Standard for the Joint Range Extension Applications Protocol (JREAP)
  • JREAP MIL-STD-3011
  • NATO Standardization Agreement (STANAG) 5518
  • JREAP and Tactical Data Links (TDLs)
  • JREAP and Tactical Data Messages Transmission
  • Joint Range Extension Applications Protocol (“JREAP”) Versions and Protocols
  • JREAP A, B and C
  • JREAP and Satellite Links
  • Traditional J-Series BLOS

Development of Joint Range Extension (JRE)

  • Application Protocols (JREAP)
  • MIL-STD 3011and STANAG 5518 Organization
  • Applicable Specs
  • JRE and JREAP A, B and C Definitions, Terms, and Acronyms
  • JREAP General Requirements
  • Appendices A, B, and C
  • JREAP A, B and C Detailed Requirements
  • Technical Review of Appendices A, B, and C
  • Joint Range Extension (JRE)
  • JRE Application Protocol (JREAP)
  • MIL-STD 3011 Appendix A Token Passing
  • UHF SATCOM
  • Appendix B Point-To-Point: Phone Lines/PSTN
  • SHF SATCOM
  • Appendix C IP / UDP
  • SIPRNET/ EHF
  • JRE Use Cases
  • Overview of MIL-STD 3011 and STANAG 5518

JREAP Protocols and Messages

  • Open System Interconnect (OSI)
  • JREAP Data Formats
  • Structure of the JREAP Data Stream
  • Message Extrapolation
  • JREAP Headers
  • JREAP Protocols Mapped to OSI 7-Layer Stack
  • JREAP Application Messages
  • JREAP Data Messages
  • JREAP Management Messages
  • JREAP “Message Group” Layer for JREAP A and JREAP B
  • JREAP “Transmission Block” Layer for JREAP A and JREAP B
  • Message Group Header
  • Application Header
  • Messages
  • JREAP-C Messages
  • J-Series
  • Management Message Sub Header
  • Message Retransmissions
  • Minimum Implementation
  • Link Monitoring

JREAP Management Messages

  • Round-Trip-Time Delay Message
  • Operator-to-Operator Messages
  • Filter Messages
  • Latency Threshold Messages
  • Acknowledgement Messages
  • Echo Messages
  • The Filter Management
  • Filter Management Message Subtypes
  • Processing Rules
  • Retransmission timeouts
  • PPLI (Indirect PPLI)

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