Introduction to 802.11be, Wi-Fi 7 Training
According to sector analysts, the soon to be released Wi-Fi 7 is the most powerful Wi-Fi standard yet.
Wi-Fi 7 unlocks new wireless experiences and changes the way people live, work and play. It doubles the bandwidth of Wi-Fi 6 and 6E making it the perfect complement to the expanded worldwide Wi-Fi spectrum in the 6 GHz band.
Additionally, with Wi-Fi 7, users can expect up to 2.4 times more throughput, reduced latency, and extended range, all with much higher reliability. Why is this important? Because these capabilities are the foundation for emerging applications like 16K video streaming, real-time collaboration, wireless gaming, and immersive augmented and virtual reality (AR/VR).
Experts in this area believe that managing and optimizing the various available spectrum bands is perhaps the signature differentiator for Wi-Fi 7.
Additionally, it’s important to understand Access Points, which today typically offer support on three channels, one in the 2.4 GHz low band and two in the 5 and 6 GHz high bands, and this will increasingly be the case with Wi-Fi 7.
Depending on regional availability, the high band support may be two channels in the 5 GHz band or one in each 5 and 6 GHz band. The multi-link capability of Wi-Fi 7 offers multiple options for a client to use these channels.
The most effective approach is to take advantage of the greater capacity, higher peak speeds, and lower congestion of the high band.
The device could also alternate between the bands. In this scheme, the device uses the first available band for each transfer and can choose either band once the prior transfer completes. This avoids congestion on the links, lowering latency.
Another exciting technological manifestation of Wi-Fi 7: These optimal options may make Ethernet cables obsolete. Currently, commonly-available wired Ethernet technology tops out at 10Gbps, so for current users of both Gigabit and 10 Gigabit Ethernet, Wi-Fi 7 might be able to replace the need for wired connections.
This is an especially exciting time for manufacturers of routers, such as TP-Link, which is bringing a new fleet of models to market that support Wi-Fi 7.
They’re the first Wi-Fi 7 routers to make a public debut — and it’s a particularly early one, as Wi-Fi 7 isn’t expected to launch in any official sense until 2024.
According to analysts, no one is surprised that Wi-Fi 7 has emerged so soon after the launch of Wi-Fi 6. Experts in this area believe Wi-Fi must continue to improve performance, increase spectrum efficiency, reduce costs, and, most importantly, and make the user experience better to retain its prominence.
Together with 5G, Wi-Fi will keep individuals and organizations connected and extend its reach to those among us who are still unconnected.
Introduction to 802.11be, Wi-Fi 7 Training Course by Tonex
Introduction to 802.11be, Wi-Fi 7 Training, is a 2-day technical course covering 802.11be amendment. 802.11be training, designated as Wi-Fi 7 is the next significant milestone in the Wi-Fi long-term success story providing extremely high throughput and supporting real-time applications.
802.11be: Standard for Information technology–Telecommunications and information exchange between systems Local and metropolitan area networks–Specific requirements – Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications Amendment: Enhancements for Extremely High Throughput (EHT).
IEEE 802.11be Extremely High Throughput (EHT) is the next generation of the 802.11 IEEE standard designated as Wi-Fi 7. It is built upon 802.11ax, focusing on WLAN indoor and outdoor operation with stationary and pedestrian speeds in the 2.4, 5 and 6 GHz frequency bands.
The main features of 802.11be are:
- 320 MHz bandwidth and more efficient utilization of non-contiguous spectrum,
- Multi-band/multi-channel aggregation and operation,
- 16 spatial streams and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) protocols enhancements,
- Multi-Access Point (AP) Coordination (e.g. coordinated and joint transmission),
- Enhanced link adaptation and retransmission protocol (e.g. Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ)),
- If needed, adaptation to regulatory rules specific to 6 GHz spectrum,
- Integrating Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) extensions for low-latency real-time traffic (IEEE 802.11aa).
- Additional features include 4096-QAM (4K-QAM), Contiguous and non-contiguous 320/160+160 MHz and 240/160+80 MHz bandwidth, Frame formats with improved forward-compatibility, Enhanced resource allocation in OFDMA, Optimized channel sounding that requires less airtime, Implicit channel sounding, More flexible preamble puncturing scheme and Support of direct links, managed by an access point.
Wi-Fi 6 and Wi-Fi 6E have already provided massive increases in speed and great improvements showing speeds two or three times greater than Wi-Fi 5. Wi-Fi 7 will use the new 6GHz band in addition to 2.4GHz and 5GHz. 6GHz Wi-Fi steps this up even further, creating 14 new 80MHz channels and seven new 160MHz. The introduction of these channels and the existing network capacity should drastically increase data throughput in congested areas.
Uplink technology of Wi-Fi 7 brings better uplink capabilities through an advanced form of MU-MIMO that will be called UL MU-MIMO. CMU-MIMO allows mesh networking between all kinds of antennas to enable widespread MU-MIMO connections. Multi-band data management allows access to three fully separate bands – 2.4, 5, and 6GHz. Wi-Fi 7 improves support for applications that require deterministic latency, high reliability and quality of service (QoS). In addition, Wi-Fi 7 will be optimized for video applications, which will prove valuable in the enterprise space, but also inside homes for use cases like gaming, streaming and other smart-home devices and services.
Wi-Fi 7 will also bring lower latency, maximum data rate – 46 Gbps, although higher data rates may be achieved in some environments and configurations, as well as increased flexibility in using network and spectrum resources.
Topics Covered
Overview of Wi-Fi Evolution
- Legacy: 11 (1997), Wi-Fi 3: 11g (2003), Wi-Fi 2: 11a (1999), Wi-Fi 1: 11b (1999), and Wi-Fi 4: 11n (2009)
- Wi-Fi 5: 11ac (2013)
- Wi-Fi 6: 11ax (2019)
- Wi-Fi 6E: 11ax-2021 (2021)
- WiFi 7: 802.11be
- 6GHz Wi-Fi
- Overview of Automated Frequency Coordination (AFC)
Overview of Wi-Fi 7
- EEE 802.11be standard, Wi-Fi 7
- Wi-Fi 7 focuses on physical (PHY) and medium access control (MAC) improvements
- Support reduced latency and jitter for time sensitive networking applications
- AR/VR, 4K and 8K video streaming, automotive, cloud computing, gaming and video applications
- Mission critical and industrial applications
- Wi-Fi 7 backward compatibility and coexistence with legacy devices in the 2.4, 5, and 6 GHz spectrum bands
- 802.11be vs. 802.11ax
- WiFi 6E vs. WiFi 7
- 802.11be: extremely high throughput, 4096 QAM, 320 MHz, MU-MIMO, time-sensitive
- networking, multi-link operation, implicit sounding, and distributed MU-MIMO, EHT PHY
- 320 MHz bandwidth
- Impact of 4K-QAM
- EDCA With 802 TSN features
- Enhanced OFDMA
- Preamble Puncturing
- Multi-Link Operation
- Multi-Link Channel Access
- Multi-RU
- OFDMA With Direct Link
- OFDMA for RTA
- Multi-Link Operation
- High orders of MU-MIMO and OFDMA
- Advanced PHY Techniques Improving Spectrum Efficiency
- Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ), FD operation, and Non-orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA)
- Multi-AP Cooperation
- MU-MIMO
- EDCA With 802 TSN Features
- Latency Analysis for EHT
- EDCA Improvements
- Overview of TSN
- Multi-Link Power Save
- Multi-Link Operation for RTA
- Channel Sounding Optimization
Advanced PHY Techniques Improving Spectrum Efficiency
- Full-Duplex
- Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA)
- Multi-AP Cooperation
- Coordinated Spatial Reuse (CSR)
- 11ax SR vs. CSR
- Coordinated OFDMA (Co-OFDMA)
- Null Steering
- Joint Transmission and Reception
- Channel Sounding Optimization
- Channel Sounding Induced Overhead
- Sounding Enhancements
- Explicit Feedback Overhead Reduction
- Implicit Sounding
- Trigger-Based UL Sounding Sequence
- Example of multi-AP sounding protocol
- Collecting Acknowledgments
- Example of OFDMA+MIMO transmission in 802.11be.
- Asynchronous (top) vs. synchronous (bottom) multi-link operation
- Duplicate Mode and Joint Mode
New Features in Wi-Fi 7
- Wi-Fi 7 Application Scenarios
- Throughput to 30 Gbps +
- Low-latency access
- Up to 320 MHz Bandwidth
- Multi-RU
- Higher-Order 4096-QAM
- Multi-Link Operation (MLO)
- More Data Streams and Enhanced MIMO
- Multi-AP Coordination320 MHz bandwidth and more efficient utilization of non-contiguous spectrum
- Multi-band/multi-channel aggregation and operation
- 16 spatial streams and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) protocols enhancements
- Multi-Access Point (AP) Coordination (e.g. coordinated and joint transmission)
- Enhanced link adaptation and retransmission protocol (e.g. Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ))
Wi-Fi CERTIFIED 6™
- A-MPDU with A-MSDU
- Basic Trigger frame in HE MU PPDU
- BSRP Trigger frame
- Compressed BlockACK Rx
- Compressed BlockACK Tx
- DL MU-MIMO
- DL OFDMA
- LDPC Rx
- LDPC Tx
- MCS 8-9 Rx
- MCS 8-9 Tx
- MCS 10-11 Rx
- MCS 10-11 Tx
- MU EDCA Parameter Set element
- MU-BAR Trigger frame
- MU-RTS Trigger frame
- Multi-BSSID
- Operating Mode
- SU beamformer
- TXOP RTS Threshold
- UL OFDMA
- TWT
Wi-Fi CERTIFIED 6E
- Wi-Fi 6E and 6 GHz operations
- What Is 6GHz Wi-Fi?
- Wi-Fi 6E: Expanding Wi-Fi into 6 GHz spectrum
- Global harmonization of 6 GHz spectrum
- Wi-Fi 6E Highlights
- Key capabilities
- Orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA)
- Multi-user multiple input, multiple output (multi-user MIMO)
- 160 MHz channel utilization capability
- Target wake time (TWT)
- 1024 quadrature amplitude modulation mode (1024-QAM)
Overview of a WiFi 6E Certified Product Example (Wi-Fi Alliance)
- 4 GHz Spectrum Capabilities
- 5 GHz Spectrum Capabilities
- 6 GHz Spectrum Capabilities
- Wi-Fi CERTIFIED 6E™
- Wi-Fi CERTIFIED 6™
- Wi-Fi CERTIFIED™ a
- Wi-Fi CERTIFIED™ ac
- Wi-Fi CERTIFIED™ b
- Wi-Fi CERTIFIED™ g
- Wi-Fi CERTIFIED™ n
- Wi-Fi Enhanced Open™ 2021-01
WiFi 6E Security
- Protected Management Frames
- WPA2™-Enterprise 2018-04
- WPA2™-Personal 2021-01
- WPA3™-Enterprise 2020-02
- WPA3™-Personal 2019-08
- WPA™-Enterprise
- WPA™-Personal
Introduction to 802.11be, WiFi 7 Training